This book is a composition of different points of view regarding the application of Computational Intelligence techniques and methods to Remote Sensing data and applications. It is the general consensus that classification, its related data processing, and global optimization methods are core topics of Computational Intelligence. Much of the content of the book is devoted to image segmentation and recognition, using diverse tools from different areas of the Computational Intelligence field, ranging from Artificial Neural Networks to Markov Random Field modeling. The book covers a broad range of topics, starting from the hardware design of hyperspectral sensors, and data handling problems, namely data compression and watermarking issues, as well as autonomous web services. The main contents of the book are devoted to image analysis and efficient (parallel) implementations of these analysis techniques. The classes of images dealt with throughout the book are mostly multispectral-hyperspectral images, though there are some instances of processing Synthetic Aperture Radar images.